不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳-初中组 - 常州市武进区礼嘉高级中学

不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳

【不规则中的“规则”】

一、原形和过去分词相同(ABA)

1) become→ became→ become

2) come→ came→ come

3) run→ ran→ run

二、过去式和过去分词相同(ABB)

1. d→t→t

1) build→built→built

2) lend→lent→lent (借给)

3) send→sent→sent

4) spend→spent→spent

2. i→ou→ou

1) find→found→found

2) fight→fought→fought打架

3. ought结尾

1) bring→brought→brought

2) buy→bought→bought

3) think→thought→thought

4. aught结尾

1) teach→taught→taught

2) catch→ caught→caught

5. ay→aid→aid

1) lay→laid→laid

2) pay→paid→paid

3) say→said→said

6. i→o→o

1) shine→shone→shone 照耀

2) win→won→won 赢，获胜

7. ell→old→old

1) sell→sold→sold

2) tell→told→told

8. 去掉一个元音字母，读音变

1) shoot→shot→shot (射击)

2) meet→met→met

3) feed→fed→fed (喂养)

4) bleed→bled→bled (流血)

5) lead→led→led (引导)

9. eep→ept→ept (元音读音变)

1) keep→kept→kept

2) sleep→slept→slept

3) sweep→swept→swept扫地

10. and→ood→ood

1) stand→stood→stood

2) understand→understood→understood

11. 仅过去式和过去分词相同

1) have→had→had

2) feel→felt→felt

3) leave→left→left

4) sit→sat→sat

5) get→got→got

(★forget→forgot→forgotten)

6) hold→held→held

7) stick→stuck→stuck (粘贴)

8) dig→dug→dug (挖掘)

9) hang→hung→hung(悬挂)

(★hang→hanged→hanged绞死)

还需注意以下动词的变化：

hear→heard→heard (ear读音变)

mean→meant→meant (ea读音变)

lose→lost→lost (o和s读音都变)

make→made→made (变辅音字母)

三、i→a→u

1) begin→began→begun

2) drink→drank→drunk

3) ring→rang→rung

4) sing→sang→sung

5) swim→swam→swum

四、过去式、过去分词都有两种形式

1) burn→burned→burned

★burn→burnt→burnt

2) dream→dreamed→dreamed

★dream→dreamt→dreamt

3) learn→learned→learned

★learn→learnt→learnt

注意以下特殊变化：

1) smell→smelled→smelled

★smell→smelt→smelt

2) spell→spelled→spelled (拼写)

★spell→spelt→spelt

五、o/a→e→末尾加n

1) draw→drew→drawn

2) blow→blew→blown

3) grow→grew→grown

4) throw→threw→thrown

5) know→knew→known

★特殊：fly→flew→flown

六、eak→oke→过去式加n

1) break→broke→broken

2) speak→spoke→spoken

七、都不变，原形词尾是t或d

1) cost→cost→cost

2) cut→cut→cut

3) hit→hit→hit

4) hurt→hurt→hurt

5) let→let→let

6) put→put→put

7) set→set→set (设置)

8) shut→shut→shut (关上)

9) read→read→read (读音变)

10) spread→spread→spread传播

八、i→o→原形后加n

1) rise→rose→risen (上升)

2) drive→drove→driven

九、i→o→itten/idden

1) write→wrote→written

2) ride→rode→ridden (i读音变)

★特殊：hide→hid→hidden

十、ear→ore→orn

1) wear→wore→worn

2) tear→tore→torn（撕开）

十一、ake→ook→原形后加n

1) shake→shook→shaken

2) take→took→taken

3) mistake→mistook→mistaken

★特殊：wake→woke→woken

make→made→made

十二、过去式后加n

1) choose→chose→chosen

2) steal→stole→stolen (偷)

3) wake→woke→woken

4) freeze→froze→frozen (冰冻)

十三、原形后加n

1) give→gave→given

2) see→saw→seen

3) show→showed→shown

十四、原形后加en

1) be→was/were→been

2) beat→beat→beaten (打，击)

3) eat→ate→eaten

4) fall→fell→fallen

十五、原形后加ne

1) do→did→done

2) go→went→gone

十六、无规则

lie→lay→lain(躺；位于)

★lie→lied→lied(说谎)